Chapter 7

section 1

1. The development of a postindustrial economy in the United States and Canada are affected where and how people live because a postindustrial economy is based on service and high-tech industries. Service is the largest part of postindustrial economies. it includes government jobs, and also educational, health care, and banking jobs, and these depend on people living near their job sites, and people being able to do their jobs regularly. High-tech businesses depend on access to natural resources and transportation. places like Silicon Valley in California, are home grounds for major high-tech companies like Apple and Microsoft. for people to live there comfortably, and to keep them to stay, these cities offer pleasant weather - most of the time - and nearby housing as well as many jobs.



2.The economies of the United States and Canada are interdependent with each other and with those in other parts of the world because of a lack of some important natural resources. While some countries might have a certain kind of resource, like coal, another country might have iron.

creative writing: All around the world, different countries have different economies, and some even have multiple economies at the same time. Canada and the United States both have a market economy, which allows people to profit, own, and operate their own business. It also allows employers to pay their employees for their work and it holds laws and rules that defend employment opportunities, safety and health of workers, and private property rights. A postindustrial economy is transformed when technology develops in workplaces. The U.S. also have a postindustrial economy. A global economy is affected by trade all around the world. when a certain country spends money on imports, and earns money on exports, or when a country or region stop spending money or stop earning money, the global economy expands or shrinks. These three types of economies are interrelated because what a country exports affects what it can buy; what it can buy affects what it creates; what it creates affects what kind and how many jobs there are; those jobs affect who can work and how much the employees are paid; and the products that are sold, and the money that is earned affects how many people will buy the end product, which is all part of the global economy, postindustrial economy, and market economy.

section 2
1.One of the ways that the United States and Canada could manage their natural resources more responsibly is to stop clear-cutting forests, and instead cut some trees away, and replace them with native trees, then let the trees and plants grow back while harvesting another small part of the forest. Another way is to replace driving with other means of transportation (such as walking or bicycling), or to use public transportation (like buses or trains) to get from one place to another without using individual vehicles. A third way would be to eat less. It would mean that there would be more agricultural products to go around, a drop in over-fishing, and less production of greenhouse gasses used to process the food in mills and factories.


2.There are many forms of pollution in the United States and in Canada. One form is acid rain, which caused when chemical emissions released by factories, cars and power plants mix with water in the atmosphere and fall down as highly acidic rain. This rain can threaten timber and water resources for hundreds of miles from where their clouds first formed. Another form of pollution is smog. Smog is formed when sunlight meets with exhaust and chemical emissions to form a thick gray-brown cloud that hangs low over the ground. A third type of pollution is water pollution. water pollution damages water systems such as lakes, rivers and even oceans. Eutrophication, the process in which water becomes richly dissolved in nutrients speeds up with water pollution, which allows algae and bacteria to grow extremely quickly, leaving no oxygen for the fish and other animals that live in the polluted  waters.

(top) clear day in Denver, Colorado
(bottom) smoggy day in Denver, Colorado



creative writing: If the Trans-Alaska Pipeline were to touch the permafrost - a frozen water and soil layer that lies underground - and melt it, the sold mud and water could rust the piping and cause it to leak, spilling crude oil across thousands of miles of wilderness and ruining ecosystems all around it, or the supports for the pipes could slip in the now liquefied ground and create the same disaster.

layers  under the top soil in Alaska and northern Canada